ࡱ> ` Qjbjb ( |c|c;P P P P x x x  EEE8LEDE BpI(I(IIIST\T0@=}}}}}},R@x UQSUUAYP P II fAYAYAYUbP Ix I@AY P |P P P P U@AYAYrl$ Tx udI E{W$t*u |0NtnޅAYޅTuAYx 7C CPrinceton Plasma Physics Laboratory NSTX Experimental ProposalTitle: Direct Measurement of MHD-induced Energetic Ion Redistribution in Space and Energy by NPA Vertical ScanningOP-XP-707Revision: 0Effective Date: 01/12/07 (Ref. OP-AD-97) Expiration Date: 01/12/09 (2 yrs. unless otherwise stipulated)PROPOSAL APPROVALSAuthor: S. S. MedleyDateATI ET Group Leader: S. SabbaghDateRLM - Run Coordinator: D. GatesDateResponsible Division: Experimental Research OperationsChit Review Board (designated by Run Coordinator) MINOR MODIFICATIONS (Approved by Experimental Research Operations)NSTX EXPERIMENTAL PROPOSAL Title: Direct Measurement of MHD-induced Energetic Ion Redistribution in Space and Energy by NPA Vertical Scanning No. OP-XP-7** Overview of planned experiment The Neutral Particle Analyzer (NPA) on NSTX can be remotely scanned both horizontally and vertically on a shot-to-shot basis. As shown in the left panel of Fig. 1, the NPA sightline intersects the neutral beam injection paths and can be scanned from a tangency radius of Rtan = 125 cm (viewing co-going ions) to Rtan = - 75 cm (viewing counter-going ions). As illustrated in the right panel, NPA energetic ion measurements are strongly localized to the intersection of the NPA sightline with the neutral beam(s). For typical NPA tangency radii in the range of Rtan = 60 - 90 cm, this intersection is located near the NSTX major radius, Rmaj = 85 10 cm.   At any mid-plane tangency radius, the NPA can also be scanned vertically from the mid-plane downwards through an angular range of 26 degrees as shown in Fig. 2 (left panel). The vertical minor radius is localized to the intersection of the NPA sightline with the neutral beam(s) and depends on the choice of mid-plane tangency radius as illustrated in the right panel. However, for any value of mid-plane tangency the vertical scan range extends well beyond the vertical extent of the neutral beam profiles. Note that the vertical scanning capability can only be used if the Lithium Pellet Injection is not installed.   The experimental plan is to inject Sources A and B into a highly reproducible, long pulse H-mode plasma with strong MHD activity and scan the NPA in vertically to obtain radial energetic ion profile along the Z-axis localized at the footprint of the beams. Approximately 15 shots will be required for the vertical scan. A potential interference between the Li pellet injector (if installed at Bay K) and the vertical scanning of the NPA will need to be addressed prior to scheduling and execution of this experimental proposal. 2. Theoretical/ empirical justification The energy distribution and profile of energetic ion resulting from beam injection in NSTX are valuable quantities to experimentally measure, since they are important for such issues as energetic ion driven instabilities, MHD-induced redistribution and/or loss of energetic ions, beam driven current and so forth. Initial measurements were performed in earlier runs, as shown in Fig 2, for MHD-quiescent L-mode discharges to develop the basic analytical tools and initial benchmarking of TRANSP (shot range SN111517-SN111530). While the Monte Carlo simulation of the beam energetic ion distribution in TRANSP is regarded as reliable for MHD-quiescent discharges, it was useful to perform the initial NPA vertical scan measurements for two reasons. One is to benchmark measurements against TRANSP NPA simulation under MHD-quiescent conditions. Recall that TRANSP does not use full Larmor orbits that are appropriate in the low field NSTX device, so validation of the orbit approximation is merited. The other is to provide a baseline measurement   against which the effects of various MHD activity (which TRANSP does not model) on the energetic ion distributions can be assessed. TRANSP simulation shows that the energetic ion distribution is highly anisotropic and the flux exhibits a peak around the injection tangency radius. In order to measure the equilibrated energy spectra, the duration of the injected beam pulses needs to be selected based on the characteristic slowing down and 90o pitch angle scattering times. For Te ~ 1 keV < Wc ~ 15 keV << Eb0 ~ 80 keV, the beam ion slowing down time, tslow, is given by  tslow = (tei/3)ln[ 1 + (Eb0/ Wc)3/2] sec. (1) Here Wc ~ 14.8 Te(keV) is the critical energy at which background ions and electrons receive an equal energy transfer from the beam ions, Eb0 is the beam full energy and the electron-ion collision time, tei, is tei ~ 2.6x1012 kTe(keV)3/2/ne(0)(cm-3) sec. (2) Thus for 80 keV deuterium beam ions and ne(0) ~ 5x1013 cm-3, the slowing down time is tslow ~ 46 ms. On the other hand, the 90o pitch angle scattering time, tscat, for full energy deuterium ions under these conditions is tscat ~ 7.3x109 Eb0(keV)3/2/ne(0)(cm-3) sec (3) or tscat~ 104 ms, about twice the slowing down time. One difficulty in performing this experimental proposal is creation of a MHD-quiescent period for comparison of the natural beam profile with that generated by MHD-induced redistribution. From the above, it can be seen that a MHD-quiescent period of ~100 ms or more is required.   TRANSP simulation of a vertical scan shown in Fig. 4, indicates the feasibility of measuring the energetic ion redistribution profile. The left panel shows the unperturbed energetic ion profile (without anomalous fast ion diffusion). The right panel shows a depletion of the ion distribution in the core region above ~ E/2 and displacement of these ions outward to the region r/a ~ 0.2 0.4. The NPA spatial resolution is ~ 2.5 cm. 3a. Experimental run plan Part I: MHD activity with f < 200 kHz  In Part I, a NPA vertical scan is to be performed that focuses on MHD activity with f < 200 kHz which includes bursting EPMs, continuous TAEs and f < 10 kHz kink-type MHD. In the presence of such activity, usually CAE/GAE-type activity with f > 200 kHz simultaneously exists for most of the discharge duration. For the purposes of Part I, it is assumed that such activity has a negligible role in the redistribution of energetic ions. Testing this assumption is the subject of Part II. The desired target plasma conditions for Part I are shown in Fig. 5. An H-mode discharge is required with machine parameters that do not tax the production of highly reproducible plasmas yet is representative of long-pulse plasmas with large *AE and low n, low f MHD activity of interest to a broader range of experiments on NSTX (e.g. 119613). With the LSN there are no particular requirements for elongation or triangularity beyond what may be helpful in obtaining long pulse discharges. GDC between shots will be required in order to maintain discharge reproducibility. Some additional highly desirable features of the desired discharge are: an electron density rise to a stable flattop beyond ~ 0.5 s, and an early stable outer gap. Such variations could modify the beam deposition profile and thus appear as a faux energetic ion redistribution. These features are not adequately satisfied in the reference discharge 119613, but are satisfied in the alternate reference discharge 119768. Gas fuelling at Bay K should not be used as this could modulate the background neutral density and hence the charge-exchange flux in the region of the NPA sightline. Another important characteristic of the target discharge is existence of a reproducible MHD-quiescent period of ~ 100 ms duration either somewhere during the current flattop or near the end of the discharge. The criterion for  quiescent is that for the MHD activity with f < 200 kHz MHD, the mode amplitude, dB/B according to the Mirnov spectrogram, is reduced by an order of magnitude or more. Since MHD-driven diffusion of energetic ions scales as (dB/B)2, redistribution should be reduced by a factor of ~ 10-2. Thus a quiescent period enables acquisition of a reference profile essentially without MHD-induced redistribution. Run Plan Details: Vertical Scan Shot Number Vertical Angle (degrees) 1 0 r 2 3.0 r 3 6.0 r 4 9.0 r 5 12.0 r 6 15.0 r 7 21.0 r 8 24.0 r 9 6.0 r 10 18.0 r 11 13.5 r 12 10.5 r 13 7.5 r 14 4.5 r 15 1.5 r 3b. Experimental run plan Part II: MHD activity with f >200 kHz  The desired target plasma conditions for Part I are shown in Fig. 6 for reference discharge SN120001. As in Part I, an H-mode discharge is required with machine parameters that do not tax the production of highly reproducible discharges. In the second panel from the bottom, the Mirnov spectrogram shows that f < 200 kHz EPM/TAE activity persists until t ~ 0.7 s after which the discharge becomes quiescent as defined earlier. In the panel above this, the Mirnov spectrogram shows onset at t ~ 0.1 s of CAE/GAE activity with 400 < f(kHz) < 2000 that persists for the entire discharge. Thus the period t ~ 0.7-1.0 s provides a window to invetigate the effect of f > 200 kHz activity during a quiescent period of f < 200 kHz activity. For SN120001, the mode amplitude is (dB/B)rms ~ 1.50.5x10-3 mGauss. SN119613 had similar high frequency behavior but with nearly double the mode amplitude at (dB/B)rms ~ 2.50.5x10-3 mGauss. For the f < 200 kHz activity during the EPM/TAE phase, the mode amplitudes were much larger and peaked at (dB/B)rms ~ 0.2 mGauss for SN119613 and (dB/B)rms ~ 0.3 mGauss for SN120001. Hopefully these differences will not compromise the goal of assessing whether high frequency activity by itself can drive energetic ion redistribution. The bottom panel in Fig. 6 shows that the energetic ion flux measured by the NPA is depleted from the full injection energy Eb down to Eb/3 around t ~ 0.2 0.3 s and remains depleted for the duration of the discharge: i.e. no change occurs at the transition to high-frequency-only activity around t ~ 0.7 s. The red curve in the second panel from the top shows this behavior for an energetic ion energy of 80 keV (just below the injection energy). In the same panel, it can be seen that an excess of the TRANSP-calculated neutron rate (dashed blue curve) above the measured value (solid black curve) exists in the early part of the discharge, but essentially vanishes following the transition to high-frequency-only activity around t ~ 0.7 s. At first glance, the neutron behavior would argue against MHD-driven energetic ion redistribution due to high-frequency-only activity. However, the neutron behavior could be caused by the plasma density evolution that steadily ramps up throughout the discharge as shown by the red curve in the top panel. To eliminate this complication, if possible it would be better to flattop the density around mid-discharge as is the case for SN119613 in Fig. 5. There is a backup benefit to this vertical scan. If it turns out that high-frequency-only activity does not redistribute energetic ions, then the scan provides a good measurement of the unperturbed energetic ion distribution for comparison with the measurements in Part I. The scan requires 15 shots using the same vertical scan scheme as for Part I. 4. Required machine, NBI, RF, CHI and diagnostic capabilities Machine: 4.5 kG, 0.8 0.1 MA, ne(0) ~ 6x1013 cm-3, GDC between shots Beams: Sources A, B, C @ 90 keV deuterium ICRF: None Diagnostics: Magnetics for EFIT equilibria and full kinetic profiles of electrons, ions and impurities are essential as well as MSE and sFLIP data. 5. Planned analysis TRANSP simulation of the NPA beam energy distributions and profiles will be performed to compare with measurements. MPTS, CHERS, magnetics data, MSE and EFIT magnetic equilibria are essential for this analysis. sFLIP measurements covering the duration of the discharge are essential for distinguishing between energetic ion redistribution and loss. Planned publication of results The MHD-induced beam ion redistribution profiles in themselves would contribute sufficiently new material to warrant publication. The goal is to publish the results of this XP, supplemented as deemed appropriate by additional measurements, in Nuclear Fusion within a year after the XP is performed. PHYSICS OPERATIONS REQUEST Title: Direct Measurement of MHD-induced Energetic Ion Redistribution in Space and Energy by NPA Vertical Scanning No. OP-XP-7** Machine conditions (specify ranges as appropriate) ITF (kA): 53 (4.5 kG) Flattop start/stop (s): 0/1.5 IP (MA): 0.8 Flattop start/stop (s): 0.2/1.0 Configuration: LSN H-mode Outer gap (m): 0.05 - 0.10 Inner gap (m): 0.01  0.05 Elongation k: 1.5  1.7 Triangularity d: 0.4  0.5 Z position (m):  FORMTEXT 0.00 Gas Species: D Injector: Inner Wall/Lower Dome NBI - Species:  FORMTEXT D Sources: A/B Voltage (kV): 90 Duration (s): 1.0 ICRF  Power (MW): 0 Phasing: NA Duration (s): 0 CHI: Off Either: List previous shot numbers for setup: 117449 or 119768 (Part I) and 120001 or 119992 (Part II) Or: Sketch the desired time profiles. The time profiles shown below are for illustrative purposes only. The duration of Source B can be modified as needed to facilitate production of the desired discharge described in Section 3. Alternate reference shots: 117540 (like 117449) 119613 (like 119768) DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST Title: Direct Measurement of MHD-induced Energetic Ion Redistribution in Space and Energy by NPA Vertical Scanning No. OP-XP-7** DiagnosticNeedDesireInstructionsBolometer tangential array (Bolometer array - divertor CHERS(Divertor fast cameraDust detectorEBW radiometersEdge deposition monitorEdge pressure gaugesEdge rotation spectroscopyOnly available by special request of T. Biewer @ MITFast lost ion probes IFLIP(Fast lost ion probes SFLIP(Filtered 1D camerasFilterscopes(FIReTIP(Gas puff imagingHigh-k scattering(Infrared cameras(Interferometer 1 mmLangmuir probes - PFC tilesLangmuir probes RF antennaMagnetics Diamagnetism( Magnetics Flux loops(Magnetics Locked modes(Magnetics Pickup coils(Magnetics Rogowski coils(Magnetics - RWM sensorsMirnov coils high frequency(Mirnov coils poloidal array(Mirnov coils toroidal array(MSE(Neutral particle analyzer(Neutron Rate (2 fission, 4 scint)(Neutron collimatorPlasma TVReciprocating probeReflectometer - FM/CWReflectometer - fixed frequency homodyne quadratureReflectometer - homodyne correlationReflectometer - HHFW/SOLRF antenna cameraRF antenna probe Solid State NPA(SPRED(Thomson scattering - 20 channel(Thomson scattering - 30 channel(Ultrasoft X-ray arrays(Ultrasoft X-ray arrays - 2 color(Visible bremsstrahlung det.(Visible spectrometers (VIPS)X-ray crystal spectrometer - HX-ray crystal spectrometer - VX-ray pinhole camera( _______________________________________________________________________ NSTX Experimental Proposal No. OP-XP-7**  PAGE 12 of  NUMPAGES 12 Figure 1. Layout of the neutral particle analyzer on NSTX illustrating the horizontal scanning range (left panel) and localization of the measurement to the intersection of the NPA sightline with the neutral beam (right panel). Figure 3. Illustration of initial NPA vertically scanning measurement of the neutral beam footprint in NSTX (Source A & B @ 95 keV). Figure 3. TRANSP simulation of the NPA energetic ion distribution measurements presented in Fig. 2. Figure 4. TRANSP simulation of the vertically scanning NPA energetic ion profile measurement without (left) and with (right) anomalous fast ion distribution to emulate MHD-induced redistribution. Figure 5. Target plasma for NPA vertical scan of energetic ion redistribution due to MHD activity with f < 200 kHz. Figure 6. Target plasma for NPA vertical scan of energetic ion redistribution due to MHD activity with f > 200 kHz. Figure 2. Layout of the neutral particle analyzer on NSTX illustrating the vertical scanning range (left panel) and localization of the vertical minor radius to the intersection of the NPA sightline with the neutral beam (right panel). $>?@345GHI+LNav y pqrs`bz|罸 haH*jhaU haH* ha>*ha5>*CJ haCJ ha6CJ ha6CJ haCJ ha5CJha haCJ ha5CJ$ ha5CJA$?@}H4kde$$IfP&%%4 Pah$Dx$If^`Da$l 2kd$$IfP&%%4 Pah$P$If`a$l $P$If`a$l L'MQ4$P$If]^P`a$l  $VP$If]^V`a$l  $P$If]^P`a$l $$If`a$l 45HII+$d$If`a$l Bkd$$IfP&%   %4 Pahp $PP$If`a$l Xkd$$IfPFN &6 N %    4 Pahu/Ekd$$IfP0& %4 Pah$d$If`a$l Ekd7$$IfP0& %4 Pah%$Pd$If]^P`a$l uB2kd&$$IfP&%%4 PahEkd$$IfP0& %4 Pah%$Pd$If]^P`a$l $d$If`a$l LMNBBkd$$IfP&%   %4 Pahp $PP$Ifa$l 4kd$$IfP& &%%4 Pahxx$If^l $xx$Ifa$l F e  prtu$`a$ & F 8^`4kdx$$IfP &%%4 Pahxx$Ifl uvSfh$$^a$$^a$ $^`a$^ $^`a$^$`a$T\dfj     fh&jtFGHKLM ha5 haH*jhaUhaOJQJhaH*OJQJhaOJQJha haH*P$&FGHLNOP!F!H!I!J!6#w%'z,,,-- $ @ a$$ @ ^a$$a$^$^a$$^a$M!!F!G!''))++++++x,,,,- ----$-&-6-8-H-N-Z-^-p-r-t-v-------------....(.*.,.....22222233333344444 haH*ha5OJQJha5OJQJ ha5>* ha5 haH*haOJQJ ha6jhaUhaJ-(-:-L-`-t-------..,.......U6;j<<$a$$a$$ @ ^a$ $ @ a$440525:5@56666<<<<<<<<2AeAfAhAiAoAzAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB.BFBHBLB^B|B~BBBBȼȤҝҖҝҝҝҝҝҝ҄ҝ҄ҝhaCJOJQJhaCJEH haCJH* ha5CJha5B*CJphhaB*CJEHphhaB*CJH*phhaB*CJph haCJ haH* haPJ haH*haOJQJhahdOhaB*ph3<<<=(=}===2?Q?@@@@2AeAA$  hdh^ha$dh^``  & F 8^$^a$ @ ^ @ t"^dAAA0BBB:CCD'DDuEvEEE}}}}$a$ |d^`|hdh^h xhdh^h$ 2 0hdh]0^ha$$  hdh^ha$ 2 dh` <hdh^h`  hdh^h`BBBBBBBBBBC:CXCZCnCpCrCtCvCCCCCCCCDD D DDD#D'D.DUDDDDEEEPFnF|F~FFFԸȥȸԟ혟ퟘxha5B*ph haCJ haCJ haCJha ha6CJ haCJ%j_ha5B*CJUphjha5B*CJUphha5B*CJphhaB*CJphjha5CJU ha5CJjha5CJU/EEEEF~FFFFF$ &P#$@&Ifb$l #$ &P#$@&If^`b$l $a$ FFF];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If\q$` 6P 064 ae4FFFF"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l FFFFFFFFFFF G GGG/G0GKGLGdGeGGGGGGGGGGGGHH"H#H%H&H.H/H2H3HGHHH[H\H^H_HqHrHtHuHHHHHHHHHHHIII I I$I%I&I(I)IBI haCJha5B*CJphha5B*CJOJQJphhaB*ph jha5B*CJphhaB*CJphHFFF];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4FFFF"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l FFF];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4FFFF"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l FFG];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kdk $$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4GGG G"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l  G GG];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kdG $$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4GGGG"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l GG,G];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd# $$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4,G-G.G/G"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l /G0GHG];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd $$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4HGIGJGKG"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l KGLGaG];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd $$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4aGbGcGdG"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l dGeGG];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd $$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4GGGGG8kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4%$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l GGGGG%$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l "$ &P#$If^`b$l GGG];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kdu$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4GGGG"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l GGH];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kdQ$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4HHHH"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l HH!H];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd-$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4!H"H$H%H"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l %H&H.H];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd $$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4.H0H1H2H"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l 2H3HDH];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4DHEHFHGH"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l GHHHZH];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4ZH[H]H^H"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l ^H_HpH];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4pHqHsHtH"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l tHuHH];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kdy$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4HHHH"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l HHH];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kdU$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4HHHH"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l HHH]7& $ &P#$If^`b$l kd1$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4HHHH"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l HHH];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd $$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4HHHH"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l HHI];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4II I I"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l  I I$I];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4$I&I'I(I"$ &P#$If^`b$l %$$ &P#$If^`a$b$l (I)IBI];"$ &P#$If^`b$l kd$$If2\q$` 6P 064 ae4BICIFIGIbIcIfIgIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJJJJ6J7J:J;JQJRJ_J`JwJxJJJJJJJKK%K&K;K MXa?YלR)*kgSG`SdQ"Cz|x%ӻ؞Pm_j(߅zIP,slO8*MXʻ#}'aw!t{U/C=Y=ԁU;P`V`(u t.4T{(u tծ1T{9r(u tnvv:vj0T7VߠԁUMMP@bv3v3:vj6fjbN-<]H;]{ݓU+ZNWjg ՞˪=JH;]c ְjkԁU;PV(u 4ZNJNvFu8}{F 6bw"Ru8] NbNrCjwvTZb7ɨ.vZvL.]Pz)"9jjNھ['M>};UH9ON\}j=»=uKz_|}4GWOеgZ$vڍ˧3v?ftϿ1tzLCnjpV\}y ޤ!n{'IUZW_׿ӜgjݏH8~ƞG .8+sm~Pzw1L{-%}N_NZtA\}1{m%E]uc>'yWMw P]}>㎫IoIaIp>II3IN#nlq/瓟G/pf}vK>8EO=pd5 '1>س=twϧ4 v'b-qj§ΰ;{.Tq >%Ovq(CC|8,‰.` Hp.N tGnXq lj>8'.{J|,cmw>pž},jv ptG(j,`cDwcV;=HG8k}(za!jxZ{ȆOFg=;t)`q0t;8z=QC];謰gÇ}}rINvv.r,8H8 vC8g{xl9>:v%8qE`_W+~ b $Vs ~ elHWƺe9S.U>و{^$()InqO޷' hNS;'a_հ1O`9~_5:~_m]=jN#u'Nd.ቇԃm׸ w=$TafO֗:1!]Ɵ (Bσ4)4>7Fwo>Q֍qø i=b0}n]FL~z)*n9.&>w]K&]7t%isj9ȎuIOO/5퐴ѐxO^g~gqC~0"dG'CiN[. `ػA `Te #sWvP-*=\TFF{Ѱݷc7k5Ğ7nV}ƁH{WwU[Ex&H,kM9)>ܴu,29'.a7 O%.ai`ŧm1<=g(s9 rf;Ǟ43yeJرgvQرs2%ψv8cU;'.2b8 5e `;[ag+eRع# e^F퇗簇2%>q! }. q2.]F vV}+}s«\ª/ƭFa6] bmxvp .!DpF\ RL V`;rBd' pЊ A绂t•tvbdi%\oP O|%=Ay_! G';kvAOy.՝gO~2sԓ}$+{~ Coؿ!IZoS{NLOF C]{p,ՍI]o:Csh./4'le"ɩ$TK8~~#C<ڃ>EGq#N:~s$ẐS~Yy4^qZ?<Á[r])#iqM$\\uH~|-)KިIL4f x @8jW gUᨸ FA_2%EZq8]2%a ߀47kg&; 5.7|3!pٷl ΢匏%ڒcq3,nvbwlU9|'8l. 8ŗ쌸Ğmae;#!.(;7ΈXˎK2 \d~ <~;L.sÙ@e0@ƅ'e"`=?C"2a?<~Îm }qgٶxIXHH9'ğ}Qq_pFa?N]V\`pY. t?yUNtR.բnwWtU,^vo:}vA ]/nJscqOszq+)[S@NW\'&6sNqu:1aE2t;Nt$jT%7ROs=jO:>FgNy'7Nuږ冀9;Ns_VOhx<[o]T獘.f4dٿۯqBխyv4~ r?h~˱ 2`+2$I;l2Da+Om g|l;gE!Cx9 ABٹϣ'θl(s987ϋgQ/(vȿ1ϛv%|gg+P.^;vFFDYuB&' >;x ᷈ǽAw#l;lw=[=B堝v g ‡؃`f3v%Vsql%O!L}F]s}N_]8%Lq 7o}d\8w;`\=mo92Nx;ҎWníLW4rPS;1I IqK{LWaܓ^]t'' ܓ^m= 臨=AL/u?nT1U;' 'y >n OBI97v4q{>՛&>&-q'n i|Z_ݺ@NMnѾs]¦ׅq{(wGu~өϙxk_>1nK:ڿ9Nǝؿ'^2]?sOw".~G=l yb r;!X˞EvuYŮEԡ DyvqM}θ\ 79n.v6܂س('n EFM܊`m.a+ 8;bgr e.g|.D/]Ն`+l0j njJaar=8  [\̇p*ˁpTm93U.qva3r`V|vsh (+=Ϟ <"N/|G}\c[!g=.ៃ8a،<'?r{V%8Gy}0v98;2}'BAؾvg ʕp:ć%.shvYpLYGZqTVԌ_{"{+⸿Fͤ}R•tt; NAC?uMYvGWA~c#K5=qQgT'~WVt)nL靿'˦'L7]K8ǽɍ)W;mNG߀IXMu~[~ǜHDBs\]q@Ϻy+?|ћ7F^\1Ǘo^p/NL|sqVw]|uovp{=ѝo?du۸Q0km7{޿YWA7<Χig M7ߒC{ P17I:si/Qp6Cf_mj9sљt^IF&ފ=;GCOZ3Vn:\ qy27`+<9qGPcrP3ֱ #tǁl[ÎaƝv`8c =I9(wyWd'rl6v]]\pX>!VW;ؑv7݈9 ;vNç\ K،s3mU;c ,a'3VO{pV/p/(z2<]nAAy$I]xv(qv_2gg~p< do,bv>`P3J5}:y\jsӝcO(wكضϦ$ aYEEyv;=`;nAyb( %Vmr= ӓߤ'D 8KxD(nA9ѕ1W<}$O۟tzɯ{bIt?{댄%u)/+rqӡ7mOhCq?iє`j &-wej m2 CqB(w Ӎ' O PaGq5v= v6<<93~x A(WGyȮ#.pT|RO<'<`.2pNQ%lebۑ3x{&x%d;ŸfEٰg{99Ğ]g_/g%,%.{(Wtːfqo/8hQi3օxvY vАmGKX++++18,Q* brJh?{R)QczRT6¿=E?q7ܙQL]vgFVtOIϤ*\{hK 5vMgv(1kE_{7}nהַ_m?My\}-E_cJ˥S+\}Y}jlZOS߼s_|ŭojaR>~*<~e)UŵS;L:Re~rɍ%b޾ŁA@'PpH(8q8 ).nӁ{{gY9yb?Q)~.,ڊT F(Xč=$kz7< <qsaχ}xKe#"q%«w)._UհEHw7 n-ց@Nnw݇/_-?C{=؏#ox qOAܿ7/ %m7o"m{!6 S/o`.lT\X-a5Bp1 n.C\v9`W}a?@u}0ΰ>qG>|xĝd]`wwwG{{ /ς}\}B߱#}Ǫ= hp x&F.bW[ vW!-v`_w Vm.*/ϧX) bzLXz)GW[Pm_bZ14ZOxkis(sK6GVmI['vDѭ.==.Jt7TۍU+=ݠAj=U+=@tm(VU{Xs:HWm'Cj`(u} ͪAj+ ΪݡAj3jmVsvEj-fJO1:HWm֬Zi UPmsV4Rjw져N'Rb|Gvw^9Ϳo\}wncB [Bn+5w7R\ic&N^gnGnJ:>{^;|ξ8BA{SDw4Gyq8? ;ñ]v'1O(KsRVv&~<$ʱ-( (nVϰsZ>_]nV#-ŮVv#;vY=Pc`'O]e`O8B`9Ff2tf/ LLjϺ8}FQ^y=NsLzoVWZJϽ.mWL_I9v$auOc&GtMo2Izu!t{UoCXPiv(ՁUPBVB@]crV(ՁU{uu(ՁUwCOj@W վ̪}:vjª݂RH;UVZ {]H;]{ݓU+Ku tiV(ՁU{XTNW8CcYcQiv99(ՁT;݉ Ldw"Zx=N_t|ٝT9>Sv8] NbN"}Pqj-avvy=NWfjd#bCznuvVB]o%}Y+(qys%1:qAqz/4Ip7zfϽP;Rz=NSjױjAz ծeծJ8M7U{#TJiPRz=NSuje^ qj6T{*^TPˡRz=NSj/a^qj/6TU*4ծ2TU*4.7TU *4.5TU*4.6TU*4^`vvTJikvvTJiev&v&TJiav:v:TJifv*v*TJibv2v2TJidv"v"TJi`v}c׹jy:}L|rgSq/4歄sq['}n_}[71ۓzp7P/E#uʮbtKb-@TN&|"0Ǣ&F!%~_o⊿Vq?𠋇.~#? ~GO]x5+7m '`K<35#9Z<6"%`#MMWGU5kax CM4q>QGub3؊<։OO]|| K  oķ{`6C F7`ܼ ߛVoZ:9vj%`K# %%ڢRqjnpemp(w+݁ Yq}}aKs@pG!|0 茰!ua.tqp4 q\88)8EW4q [tgnz~v/7l>00&[wp6ls.y%`C] CtQT#~0tcp`,tCx &pׂku@=ʩOn# L`gs`K̅=p5|| Ű%Ker]/ދ+.Vь];f^i=η%V hhҳ:XKֲo6/Ncr9]NI|wF܉w">PmZ JC7jfU{Ys=:HWjװjg :HWj/aJ%P ] ծdJJ(u .gJr(u .`J(uڹjjg:HWLC3X3JvzVCtN0T;U+=AVm7N2fQ罘:ՄB=ӦS0wizݝsl~JW~vL&y"c-[b7^u@עʞ豃eXB{Z@娸h^2* VS[vi?_h8>zuݝ֮:~jzIzZO}>?~cmʸ"ɷ*"VMw]Tbp@80&:恃yy 5a1px8B# pT8:O q\8>pR 8,9Uf+McgLIy'=UOk^??j׺c_?g"켗:Iw}L>i:wE/)C{}0m{Ju}ncFoqWY3^3fe*Fp%bXU ]%^(. ,C_CU{~1pF,(X/ e.߾!D+pVx%8.V:b,fĥ譗2e!vpy$\r1tsЎ\@;'~"s3.7i+M|o"ծt!u'!9oP_-cƚ ov[5ܚW$>_*}5tq ku)!F&7fy3w$n^ᨸ6ط1.sq;"1˷}gR?gI)WMVΏ?|:XA13=2?pxxӑ(+ga?d < W/4ȳŋ_%/;F&؛X%^^i޿ ~ Zb)^zi>fDٸ/` %/\+m#k>gMEp.U x>|E8 S]L#trHs2 v1Gb:I:噎]f!9b֑_[ǝtثjUϭJq_No'ߴ%)V#g33X |TZGsclX9qX-JbfgZ'08}a<:)hSB.J]AC1qFLg7> Τ'DA;Ou pu}X8:78 ` ֠! a7)pck  SƘFHsRkkp9ɞ)~pT}Va?bU^->~Uz|L#Z"GL*8`|y`R LSb6@=0`&0+0Pky<[|ʧRͣדo*gm&[j4FxjqOdOKU$t}28jd쉀LQinqH2OT`| $>G)O F1.d4|hğ¬Q1QbLSyX)9{Z$ZHxIR|$V=I#ˁ).ZTc*}H=quj.g8Xs6R3Fwq7wR\'~-#i-j`j!=cůťY Egb-S /r p?ťY/9Mѵ O..pgqVǼY1ʥ:NSy=}bՉyZ੷K 3Nu-d)Mv=x >RGNhk Xi=*QTw)ܴSͣG=|2rLwWoNeJ)S=i( Fy5<`23:`m^eci*n *On(p,qLSPkd^e6P{1p0Ji~r2؊~lPtk1-B}Z ?׵3ȚBqbAT-Yl-f]fSGQ؃Tǔ֌Y?#3kuXUJ]'}^:@ɔ'j"x2D Slץ|B a1AyzɪD̪DUwAy[crVAvCuXuS ={"<սlN=/ϪD̪D~L@U̩Sݞ`D0TEVA|Cuߎd՝DSC.nlycn6nv:\`Ux[bսy=OM;}[B$z Ϫn8/u9[ruV7Nfg6;hg|z,Y@`z:1; hg|.'3Y u8?uF; cvPy=OTm"3Y 8hg|sD1y=OTA^Sg@>fgU,Y@y8?uF; cvP5hg|f*<$Wm99 _I~ž=13[/q0s஫>gܸ[$ShPu!W zLɧsטkn֑x7l7~XOp͘C-7UªN&~`QtɕoJ9vPeeӵ;`P?sS많ߡs-ͼĶ?4rvդ:7<7a'4>T/u|?f?{܋{?<\񁹯/ݺ(.͸N=9q%{Ӿsgy[v?ϵS.7J~6_rθϱnJ:gKv۟㎃]&Sf<١Y7sz.n}sҮKǜ=?]tJaxQL:'V{QoJ6*&LvZM\4F>`KSīk.B\pxx)-m]r? ׊/ɞ"Ewmvo 4!\:ԡWTo*pKiiH? iV 1<p31<aij&4v)a.lMf@s/@@ wn&","9EcИx),EYKQRy) iX@c@K-ɭ]/D܅ȷ.;!|%V^ALƕH%o;h&V#>#bȢqpS¥'Ò/%n!.__XCh것+\\+&W]"[) h._@3kZf:u;p]܀7;hL|S7#[Z=܆t!N:7#vhu|aB ;psq.%M@Kح]aGz#-)~xo@ {q{Q>C/`_@ÎK@3¯PޯM\n&~ו 4ĭ%BC!σ !7,- =a=߃e?~iAG/QH(4>~͉#nAG8?!'g@?_ =xmE㔦_E^  ~ur+$'w!<[y2%?~&4uӴ|OF'OD?{ >,zeJ7F~ϓhZ{ in!6ބ6/SXƷx ksxeVk`›%ނ-< ;ĭ]".%Cpmݒ?ĭ``>")O N(]}c`-Ͱ% q".B?BwP:w6X-oQ; Іh"@rx,2MM@]!P{Z8Xyϣ,sg&z(D*"<'K< i= <)zZφB@O υx֊B<{@!"p1AڏS\!5sP@#HHPGhqkZPƸW@x r,݅߁G.4J Kr=)/ $߇wE HeK^^OsZ@!PysX;k;R2 uHŖm PLᵈ_ ZkXs;΍o릓1_%ķ ,qMbm($mN($EXG%@!@)ЎZk-^4 5W5+#[]iDZW55 ❰/ګ(b=Vn.¾b/FǫP*WWWW$_E _^rC2hZM"n)|m~.$/K,m~.!,-q/ .Z-Pr[K6m7(9ij?-L%f(g:ʛN(].%LoVTTmw*ޱD}~vON M9= kugꙦ_NY^ób_,{oʹG|ww @):vQ3YR~Bg\>WW9=\;ȕeټoWقi7Y">aiPP :n;s?' }=s}ReJgz>rϭ2_0SE Gw& ΀3=v{¼os/ϸF3<bҫW^j}Vj< %^ig[n|cVp ^ӆҳM)/gI;j:f]'":_w&Ba]MYSwG|#A}֓~0ϭ+=^?S[\o/9.j;^g'h4h,PH>-TBJg$_>[GHs}oM u&`#"P"~xxxxxxٯooA0h  C(2u E}CQ!h0`?hh;!.S `!h! 7ֳ 5B@蕨]J|FJ\=Ol|9i%΃}w7WVsVw.ҜN+K}q=w6ٸג$FygOO`%+࿰!kCw6`߻ߺygQ~YWTٸYp.=gA=GQf?8 l}釼}}|@}18>"H#τ a7Fz!]/w}BO==8Xv8a8H=|: ||D܃xt'kAӫW/Ks܃› v/< >$[=9 ~ۏ9yܳ`oo^^}~l^dܫ/m^"y` } e%EvVۉ~Gnl;^swhMw\=;oS$tʜo<<9|%;sͿߪ~\Mkߍo];iWo:Nߪwdq9дyҞKk1W9z&Կb8ot1'_bǺzƭ{s<7?'V7u~=ԍ}= ]p=CcbhuV[ v@{k-+nrkx/rBV)a9eH K^xKK"Nbx>x>#å<\ssp~K=aY3v3aO5$Y%"\N=yܞ0ٍ42kZ?' <<,1XX\CFɣxW#^rjC {xx8| {("!0_v%*D#|; :q'=u6l=> |%u@Wpp?p?i%E/&LD|{}p}ɽE\pOqu OGH{:Nvnn]aw >i )2dN$'w"Ҝ'O@M>q"c>\noh%Q?|$q#>>]J|(!NN. 8vGHv˱@b_J]Q޶NwKB:%>{q[.@SmP6n;I.F۵JC86hbb܇6@ Q ĝ..mpKKJ;wGݭB}>gϠ>؆q='q1mPso>9\EPLqBwҝsM\5sb8|;+2& =q#<`\k0H -K0VKrHV \r1#B1~a<-cauywyXb"4O$.`O"._H.&L=qchC]r=|mhJPw>jhC{&x&qB]! `PL(k>q̩%@B iuxxx1x1KK~)ʔX{ܝWк>Hqp}g3VסQӫafϖSGbڑ=ڏkg4z35h5̮r1ƧFajq1Ƴך`la+bmR7EfH'iZ m 6@ qKZ"|-1Wµ[.0CmR+Qq`"b$ڐ]J\`ˈK- ˉK&6C|{Ɔ3:퐪h_'ŖR86 bpϥd!D!Bۡ]N>Kn{՞ v3Kq?޶:7?goDey̜+UbBs*70sb9R#tsAyw%oL-kߊN|7k1HX| | 9\K7(I [靜A`x H+Q eUJ׀u Qۭkn_-u7q:M3osA6Q3}=OP{O[ѕ7wwxG,ZBw ؟" 1Ꮑ#C',ﺐ CP]|l򗀗%(aJhgo>sܷ߭҃Ɓ zxw4 s:`w<gv5}{‰c8j/_ a~w ]vE|W슴]<&hE}߷ῚqJ<h6ַ(oQG[xxx xxy_p=ڷ[Cr>K} H=/ 4ٲ8NϷͥ֕[-f#C๸ 8W~x\㦑xx~Yٲ7Jϲ)<JۦYjO?E<<<@< x>x> /D&fԈ=wc֧vkx:b#ob k  * @2xx#_ @Jd?0}{4]QBگ|v7)c_oӸwc|H9F] = BX%]ݦuj~~[r" jj Mۡh;msy4<]KX.ضTBiS͙fFwlgmRmzb-s"Jb,:y$,AY% >i U6*z|չު'Iya\ 4gp{^lB `A>}cH ƒ)5 j?F<<xg+ [@c heИ®Qm#no a 8fooc?>ifI )to/s1lJ7V}Ͽ=4~ogVsf_vֲЇf/B"g'V` e||-/~۾ﴭvJ +qr35ȝ8msvݠ =7WQG\k)߉JDǚ K䎢r0 s~3EȂ//!b5^xG36g=Ht+oe6`mba$ukHq --p+6~noV!g;[F7-|nר!k#;֋;ϨJn kG=Uot]>w XRdGã\i-#t(|3Y1gfaψ!k~:2O~ouu=X{ }OW='$ 7##m?WщobOοRxOQ9&Obn_hZ38 kh4od~f%D]5]ѵzW>>ߺNЁnmj6-KaNs׬t$]˗*^cu~qQ1lKZv1y<}>hb,j%do;Yi)Yh}\u{w^iA=t<: 4Apk>2h˫kW{:}yھ%Ap 8mO[Мr|OXxYdgsYς[urMjfw?Tk ԁZk@01U\_\۰ӧ5֊gg:Z홚[u.[5ѵj_n}B aY599xCFWoNߑ9 o2*';ٸʂ%)=OR UI6ssט]]z>}s<\Nr:~ݻ+~q:)1J(~xz{e![2׸%f%FE9,0Sq{?WԦwE~}k'KdՂ!0h`|W0rc+|ƙԮ^G绳[%T}Lj+sUw})Nm]kݥOzCEc{|uz=cRǪl 9A{|v)/>V4o7a3鑶|lݧgFccb6m)9qܮf#ʪ;7xN-hٺE:Χ=]rZ)\?r<_F?Oc55|p1W&]=߉NloH'Hv?88^bE#E ou *jvI wMV[gBߡI-ߨ[Xb _uyeڄ] ʟ=eq[ڊhӮԘ~znFӞ2fڈMSq) /Eye&,{yg4gQg@Tl'LHv%9y?[춭xtYUVñgҪ&3CnG4F@ܳN*VRf)cUyhWwvjswWgdU 4nkWcDYH,|Y jA nV\az3yI~}YZ/ͭY䵊[:2׌vgZڈ]Nx3؄;NkMwj>VEz7`t&̑"ClC`PyeM~WxFgk,&AgǸU&q7qP:֋fNݳp~WL" yRisQqi^BG87&:+7yklK}L@b!f Dkɷgy:NZn4[ݖ }cb3YUeڢk5kͳ:.X,me#"dEN:~qQiZrH|_qx;A1W]@Y}ԌE8Q,y]Q6߾)ۃ"|vSH!)) lh~kƦ/`~߉F}$CƇ{tl" Uew!6M TDM{,絡iE;hoSۘٴ! vYalCSE=oSc|>aڿ|Xm[Wܦr~Bѳ2ZŽllIŜ1ZS򶹸m-6Mm:)7}h:߫8~BxW[1V6BS.Z=cη3o-ʣltjAS+#s ҉ǹy\uzĨ(ah0F&s 6)b^2EE9eۇoT݃]=T?:!B|N5ەC'i6:*7ÛC9M-hjն~(<6}bSYV%h;C5Jߢ~Mט]3 w(f-c>m'`r8GNO,.4prY\kX-yJXiʺ}rgY:|~ ?PR7Ã'\ Z,T3f6UƢTY96}pɳ4(sMTngIF+{E+DʳTc츯Nc4v 8]9vAcΧ\0 |~@vzҫ`V vs .gYMb6bɻk'zbm27i썠ԏF{#vmg "Gm/m)liw͝pb P'{=tq^J4Fq0ǣ=w]ig#}.sE֏Dۋzpg̷--i~.s{{ce.4ah RiٴM-;!Ό|׭\e|FthS f(;٬t\ r'89@t Hcc8&)a$e~ZY 1YaϫLoP(NO4 y{~^wF=Z"rvV ȃ" ) a0 Q9hBTY2HUάDj~] ȫ0(ZnK;!;,v2y929Ŝ(ZSu{tF ㍙ӢE1 y{}ϻ+V[֕#DZ&XXɣˊOrf^N 2繌L3ui1|2=PD_ZUlka[4׸sAruCќWB:nm @c٫\-.g>uhQ3ca[Z3l+"S('60/"؈\<(odո˞K>:5$cעB:Pڨ7~2f5Z9wv/,{kUYܵҔKKhRE1XG:wEtx -O[ܳ Zŏk(jSb߅v wEϖ2.nЂ~!F>̒9 Uex;RT귥} ѰA5- z|] ef!}"9Ϝ=E4l#EӋ[ԝ݆=3b~M!U>cx0.f=#}_W=C䲗#/K~0g&xܤZ נ)'/iI@JsY5,gmMGiE@VnÖDfDש&7#7GU\Җɺӄ~F4dx;Q5Zae4ߐxG2{%on>kf!d-=޽Ý'"BwwڢLa]rﻣOihȻSǻӮ N=0D^+Ns="}ڮS>(׳kπ~/n5&|^|gZVߙwϙX4˼SB+nquj!![~)-gZZ&d{?"'{{{O#g)iѤXyGzB7z-z@6,~wעej~Ne#2cVX޻o׻oM}j{qwE>gro`[ZX :>UfdìF:5`\:ҞY#r0 |#I9>*t=ZPMy v-~I4 oy3 ׹J1Y陧;5@7ͿGPtV #^Z?g{ufOau>4`7wxW*SB D^啶@FNbiyt O £hgq1-=`i.tϚhhANָ (- %@~1? RC rrxG9gL=o3<؉CEN5W>[WƲɫ 1>knOգk})}Nˉg?ȶ§L[12K6iH(XbN`Z.J뙄\d=3r==@ȃEe }뷌 ϑ #qfZaex'ÙetdthQL>9BΧ 9' L< O}-/cjBZqg)^ Sl"OECO'=:B[dw wRENsbew5!W?XeWp L\!'gG3w⍎1!wECNo}ħ[f ^. w!dE>kh; r :XL%99{gm~B077z2v|3yDq|g|龽 ˷Ļ}9犆><*d!:,DuϸhMxڑyѿk%j8 )=ɢ{}ϥ;},i {or"'gc)Ak&i nR<4y V;Ӭ g|K,?5U Z rUd[C>YC 6|[ @I{UCN99{˂w)!q!'gwEwXaAh7h!}80+"'{khV  uˎx/S@''C7&Bn2?S MyGt^C DG܄wdWn!,#:1Rw:iё|-]Tڙ#=2#gG|_!WE3~yܪ(|hVGҨ~aM^eV|k\iyЏU_. (;\G:Ր}nFv 9g_AفM6s"yW`YKB+է;0O#S5dgI}3gW-@}Ǿ\p 3U` jgy~ ={Os\`>Skӛ/dBZx}#YS!s:ZPMC32j|]p:_GUs {38YB)ܚ{!thPyY^YҶ|DCbךjϴ@Kp@8k}z ->GaRv~$V]|'I$|YYZaex}9`^Pf&3YW}N ukYo=֚-\]r>{CUK6W^g9o!{OOͩ0 [#gf1!X3׸36B[3H`z!dEN{9;Yq!v[zUžє є=ޙ6:6zVX٫93mh!O۾("dEN8ZGfү1ABh^8rL-? )H9 ̊ >7FKcB6FV & ѧ<Ӷ "o K[շDհG 掑i[oouͱIr:_pvSҿSg=%MR Π=^Ld v$SyS'qu CoЗS2uc;&6˒}GyuGA9Ng#QޢdyuwA<.Nއ+]*LW/<$KU/-l'#G9(߮zۑ~tw~-Yon$!Q =3Ys׹)d_P]{2#2߲֛qk̟CwCKIgJ{:C4`= { %ٞ'v?Jij2ݓ\奠8ǥUn Wwr*v<rؑҞKk+y䈔xRqg>s})W;J_G|Qb1o8Ƴʺ>\̺UcrRjݟdyt;s%awR=R'~ww֏d~|Hdʃ]I}vʁ#] }r)-kFh(XK˵GץP2x =_ArvYeտڽDA?(G9>a`>'v;.v+$[)ƹޙ29N8ntW>Lp\6nOgW|iqÝL|`xNW*/)\׺MpOu)P~3\,GnS2~eW9N̹v#S1ig??7&Yi(g=pԫz/ff*Yޓve!%];)Yޜ Ow|us}CG3>7^|bOr7/eӌS6hwD,ʀ1we#s+-ȷ777)oo@ \|M_ F |9Q\  8as%_U){\|5~kc0Omas=oo@ q#|QXǘp$ niMAp@Vܷ*{AƽtNs;tֿ?*nG;_n|6 }']]v6 own8A=q}q>@?@o}??)*~c?A ~?MF~?㺟?/-_r^$=`J{̯ k>~ {-ac9cgq @~^\{)u1w)iWOX̝ wyPS[S)ק؋{eɋ.;Q!e2G}^KX^f2 ކ{va6l_g(^zmZ[h}i[v a6fqanEr7uup-\XUU.n*+mX?uZXy )FN.ЩXJrr'P^{r'm| @NEѩX"xUs (wuN=~SEܯvvw.œcc}􀽠 t*E~Gt?5AW+=D!?D<Q=Dy:u_<,xQ1X8 '&ass&0$Ad<:L^ ݠU*˃51u.! 2G#x#UȂZECAr#h nM6xI-qǹ1<&2xQlUֵ!Wq_egO ??ec?1ȂF_! k/_odO?AǸ?B@ao{{q wFq=„܍|7~1sN;oۖu"f4qS;r_!5D;bd]KsC\kL)u-:m :mdǙ)k9w^|M/s>MK#U.%\AD|0g~Q֫; }=8ۍز>I(H3?{prR+?R'f}'>{(z\{ \{I\"랂>=Y5u#S;ʥngȘ>Ky+S_gC GJ;joZOO=qsZ4OGy+)'wWڕzV\+?S~OKV]]JGG:;%w]=͜ $5w]gE'G3̾+n)nC [oo߲| | |3|t\|uQ7o*C_ \|] _<5 *~|Y5 5DS!__ .暋*O. ɖDw><k6)ѹkllhLLI >ǵg tN?4OO? > qs/9>1cͿ#C@~#U=~7n  / 3OOOVy*~S$?.~'/h"*++o߸FZ*ދ{}qOST(G??L!?&I`"y4LQ>Sȧ5%'IDpp > > 4VMRӣ g((`sȟS,8 ,0_PHxʑ`"&+uJx/r]̓a>>Np$z"䋔ǃq#DKKw)2ܗ|D_<% mg&I`WqUH0vily"m$01+!u_H˓h呂溘FN@~*ONնvSAy*0(۶ OUoE+T> >LS܎|;~1O~-www'~wKf(o5_mRlxDIzW1NrC ;Yٱ,D|{g:ζpZGs;%Rכs8.w ]*˿.Qg鿼˵rҰF.}>1X{}.[¿#   !{y?X#~<>g}!}f rm7Ap{{A?^~u? ߏ~^BuC^}`~[7ʇ}\#k8WG+@ѽ𯴵ocEo+x,󮺒L'ϝ\KJsdۑu /N];H;e}O9̺oy~+mq 3pCgyK}TR_JKɿY\=xb[3Ayq4*!za'"߉Zފ[]m߆[ANN};`L'w`;tl͊qoOOTn Z7s[@M*7+8ބ7o$Hj-㑏xq\sGurf~ސ>ykg^w& d|^b=59l[G^G|)g%8׻3mS ϼ-1&}|Dkiô[ 0GL \ WGMÂ@*:>}\y0|l>JyiOOsݧπ?3TT>ggs9~Uj@-:A8k@zPjGWa_5VOŸ:' 8z?N:,~SOS| ~)1G*7|x[ܢexrM瞤sߔ5gj#]hWosY}oK{Fz$s\BtNEޖվIMKr 7w,qh*߀ Kf XjMo`u}=^p@7#u7ZI"/-{1Xb%RLVXpvƽ}XV[?qˆL\s Oқ+iϝ[]O3uKoZ&<{T;%;{qQtT4R)1f f# 73Wï-*Ua,YL| ;F1G! ; F>ZacM   9 f!ϲ\(W~57p|rqz̒N^>p1O'M-|#\\|kZިyGHeصݹjS^Hi}LJ|i{]}L.+z.L?{5v)%'KIM}m=7oOOf?-Ӣq ފVoC~$N߁;'FL$ w c ~19f{1>]{{C̜,wG&Pm|:zƙ%Z0'fÜ5%X5'~CVϓgkך3-̡?Cr&əß}[TW -~,;䚳,l}xk2jm-Mu9ʴ5J-RG7U8k8v)N~c6xE(oC6a%<K:#{M92nc;NNE988s_^}#*:?5/8_s;-=fK~>`hkAZPq׀Z~y?ac]^<7}.WԛsHv}3ʓkhvrYG.\9Q*s)hWc'+Fu_W!W5ZpM^tm6wAM22޼t/^sdLٟq^Ҿ69s@ޝ졒=Uu/_Zw 3A0 8lY!{\]gO~G#emb=G/zmZH¯rAp0B%j}\=dz-O'yy*%aa.&/pV%%Ŧ t"wʗR.Uy/@3ǝe^KNpiﲞn8 {!d]-k2~-<-zS2;^ ހxxcob~=z 'g(E8_h$ώh,wQ~E?U+O?Ro??:c~8d<:یl2y/\3tq갧2.)pB\̜\T99Qels.z\ pWo ƫsMe|t]S4`tU ]`nv=sLc_Y'M2Y;5A' !aA}^[ ?t#`wCȟco^L41:eS0Lq`STp링餂4?(Z6KںԿ9ӃjaG~HC~~`^νߕLLf]}@/` @'{@;! ʃ+\ ^GN vZ0!pt75:𣠼VO,H-8iC@Y,o!fd[%޽s:< !0d|8aޥ6 K2;GVZPVU=A^spߥ&xOѷ45׷ܓ˼} 1oT 65:{[iWちDznV}Y`+eKE`!\AO/Zw̹<1H[)ynjԀjPoO#ZT|6Lvݮ4L_S^ootNСKB֗A._z~g:[kjd*pυf YoS4zE#'Ŋ Oݱ@?k9/|njA^@{<4c㮃kA rk֌CM$۠ah1,RoY 6'yqjAg-kc,]t=ֽquUr/K}p9L듎LMrOO\bvb㮃k 5ՠFk!϶n˫gxcѯm|Mb2S[n?Ͽ*fãgcGH\*F _a|kSJͣ -f6^w4')Vw1Wدs`[ jikFk ciĊ`s'~o!Z3ZX3^:1C i}_[uyhw='Hܓ $xBa`H%