ࡱ> ` n:jbjb |c|ca*NP P P P  >O>O>O8vODO BSSSSSbwc\c0s=,ROܐ d_bddܐgP P SS/ ugggdP S Ssg d rP P P P dsgg> ^ S >Of/, 0[gXg 8ZD ZDPrinceton Plasma Physics Laboratory NSTX Experimental ProposalTitle: Effect of Pitch Angle on MHD-induced Energetic Ion Redistribution or Loss Measured using Neutral Particle Analyzer Vertical ScanningOP-XP-807Revision: 0Effective Date: 01/12/08 (Ref. OP-AD-97) Expiration Date: 01/12/10 (2 yrs. unless otherwise stipulated)PROPOSAL APPROVALSAuthor: S. S. MedleyDate 01/12/08ATI ET Group Leader: G. TaylorDateRLM - Run Coordinator: M. BellDateResponsible Division: Experimental Research OperationsChit Review Board (designated by Run Coordinator) MINOR MODIFICATIONS (Approved by Experimental Research Operations)NSTX EXPERIMENTAL PROPOSAL Title: Effect of Pitch Angle on MHD-induced Energetic Ion Redistribution or Loss Measured by Neutral Particle Analyzer Vertical Scanning No. OP-XP-807 Overview of planned experiment The Neutral Particle Analyzer (NPA) on NSTX can be remotely scanned horizontally on a shot-to-shot basis. At any horizontal tangency radius, the NPA can also be scanned vertically from the mid-plane downwards through an angular range of ~ 20 degrees. The vertical minor radius of the scan is localized to the intersection of the NPA sightline with the neutral beam(s). The experimental plan is to inject Sources A and B and C into a highly reproducible, long pulse H-mode plasma with strong MHD activity and scan the NPA in vertically to obtain radial energetic ion profile along the Z-axis localized at the footprint of the beams. Approximately 15 shots are required for a vertical scan. 2. Theoretical/ empirical justification In 2007, a NPA vertical scan was performed in XP-707 at Rtan ~ 80 cm using Sources A, B, and C @ 90 keV and is documented in PPPL-4270. The pitch angle range that was sampled is shown by the shaded blue regions in Fig. 1: i.e. the energetic ions were strongly passing. The goal of this proposal is to obtain comparable NPA vertically scanning measurements except at a pitch angle that is as small as possible consistent with the spectra exhibiting all Eb, Eb/2 and Eb/3 NB injection energy components for the purpose of experimentally determining whether MHD-induced redistribution of energetic ions is sensitive to particle pitch angle. The shaded green regions in Fig. 1 show that measurements at approximately half the previously used pitch angle (Rtan ~ 80 cm giving v||/v ~ 0.75 0.90) which nevertheless still provide a full energy spectrum can be obtained at Rtan ~ 40 cm giving v||/v ~ 0.45 0.50.   3 Experimental run plan The prime requirement for the NPA vertical scan is the existence of robust MHD activity with f < 200 kHz that includes bursting EPMs, continuous TAEs and f < 10 kHz kink-type MHD. In the presence of such activity, usually CAE/GAE-type activity with f > 200 kHz simultaneously exists for most of the discharge duration. Testing whether such activity bu itself can cause redistribution of energetic ions is the secondary goal of this experimental proposal. The desired target plasma conditions are shown in Fig. 2. An H-mode discharge is required with machine parameters that do not tax the production of highly reproducible plasmas yet is representative of long-pulse plasmas with large *AE and low-n, low-f MHD activity of interest to a broad range of experiments on NSTX. For reference discharge SN122631, the f > 200 kHz activity had a mode amplitude of (dB/B)rms ~ 2.5x10-3 mGauss and f < 200 kHz activity peaked at (dB/B)rms ~ 100x10-3 mGauss giving dBLow/dBHigh ~ 40. Some additional highly desirable features of the target discharge are: an electron density rise to a stable flattop beyond ~ 0.5 s and an early stable outer gap. Variations in these quantities could modify the beam deposition profile and thus appear as a faux energetic-ion redistribution (PPPL-4235). Gas fuelling at Bay K should not be used as this could modulate the background neutral density and hence the charge-exchange flux in the region of the NPA sightline. The target discharge SN122631 exhibiting robust MHD activity is well established and highly reproducible. Extension of the proposal to determine whether or not CAE activity at f > 400 kHz by itself can drive energetic ion redistribution requires a target discharge that has both a robust MHD active phase and a MHD quiescent period of ~ 200 ms (i.e. longer than the beam ion slowing down or pitch angle scattering times). The criterion for quiescent is that for the MHD activity with f < 200 kHz MHD, the mode amplitude, dB/B, according to the Mirnov spectrogram is reduced by an order of magnitude or more. Since MHD-driven diffusion of energetic ions scales as (dB/B)2, redistribution should be reduced by a factor of ~ 10-2. An example of a possible candidate target discharge is SN124819 as illustrated by the waveforms in panels (a) and (b) of Fig. 3 wherein notching of Source B appears to trigger and extended low-f quiescent period. In panel (c), the Mirnov spectrogram shows that f < 100 kHz EPM/TAE activity is quiescent in the period t ~ 0.55 0.75 s. CAE/GAE activity with 400 < f(kHz) < 2000 persists for the entire discharge. Thus the period t ~ 0.55 0.75 s provides a window to investigate the effect of f > 400 kHz activity during a quiescent period of f < 100 kHz activity. For SN124819, the mode amplitude for f > 400 kHz is (dB/B)rms ~ 2.5x10-3 mGauss. For the f < 100 kHz activity during the quiescent phase, the mode amplitude was (dB/B)rms ~ 10x10-3 mGauss: i.e. an order of magnitude less than  normal but still larger than the f > 400 mode amplitude. Even thought (dB/B)rms for f > 400 kHz is ~ 10x less than that for f < 100 kHz, high-f couples more effectively to energetic ions so therefore could induce significant loss. Panel (d) shows that the energetic ion flux measured by the NPA shows variable depletion during quiescent phase, but the viewing tangency radius (Rtan = 110 cm) was not optimal for this experiment. In Panel (b), it can be seen that a 25% excess of the TRANSP-calculated neutron rate above the measured value exists during most of the discharge. Even during the low-f Quiescent phase, however, dBLow/dBHigh ~ 4 : i.e. the discharge is not truly free of low-f MHD activity.   Run Plan Details Target Discharge Setup Develop target discharge with robust MHD activity at f < 100 kHz using SN124819. Include Source B notches: dt = 10 ms at t ~ 200-300 ms for FIDA and a train of3- 5 notches (depending on pulse length) with dt = 30 ms off/on starting at t ~ 550 ms to induce MHD quiescent period. During target development, scan horizontal tangency radius for optimal NPA spectrum and modulation: Rtan = 50, 60, 70 cm. Backup reference discharge is a fiducial with modified NBI timing.  NPA Vertical Scan Sequence: Shot Number Vertical Angle (degrees) 1 0 r 2 3.0 r 3 6.0 r 4 9.0 r 5 12.0 r 6 15.0 r 7 18.0 r 8 16.5 r 9 13.5 r 10 10.5 r 11 7.5 r 12 4.5 r 13 1.5 r Total shots: 10  16, including setup. 4. Required machine, NBI, RF, CHI and diagnostic capabilities Machine: 4.5 kG, 0.9 MA, ne(0) ~ 6x1013 cm-3 and GDC between shots Beams: Sources A, B, C @ 90 keV deuterium Diagnostics: Magnetics for EFIT equilibria and full kinetic profiles of electrons, ions and impurities are essential as well as MSE, USXR, FIReTIP and sFLIP data. 5. Planned analysis TRANSP simulation of the NPA beam energy distributions and profiles will be performed to compare with measurements. There should be no lithium contamination since the analysis depends critically on comparing TRANSP and measured neutron yields: i.e. the measured Zeff profile must be known as accurately as possible. sFLIP measurements covering the duration of the discharge are essential for distinguishing between energetic ion redistribution and loss. Planned publication of results The goal is to publish the results of this XP, supplemented as deemed appropriate by additional measurements, in Nuclear Fusion within a year after the XP is performed provided that the treatment of NB halo neutrals in the TRANSP analysis code is appropriately upgraded. PHYSICS OPERATIONS REQUEST Title: Effect of Pitch Angle on MHD-induced Energetic Ion Redistribution or Loss Measured by Neutral Particle Analyzer Vertical Scanning No. OP-XP-807 Machine conditions (specify ranges as appropriate) ITF (kA): 53 (4.5 kG) Flattop start/stop (s): 0/1.5 IP (MA): 0.9 Flattop start/stop (s): 0.2/1.0 Configuration*: LSN H-mode Outer gap (m): 0.05 - 0.10 Inner gap (m): 0.01 0.05 Elongation k: 1.5  1.7 Triangularity d: 0.4  0.5 Z position (m): * Reference shot conditions override cited values. Gas Species: D Injector: Inner Wall/Lower Dome NBI - Species:  FORMTEXT D Sources: A/B/C Voltage (kV): 90 Duration (s): 1.0 ICRF  Power (MW): 0 Phasing: NA Duration (s): 0 CHI: Off Lithium Operation: None preceding this XP Reference shot numbers for setup: 124819 (or a recent fiducial) Alternate reference shots: DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST Title: Effect of Pitch Angle on MHD-induced Energetic Ion Redistribution or Loss Measured by Neutral Particle Analyzer Vertical Scanning No. OP-XP-807 No. OP-XP-8** DiagnosticNeedDesireInstructionsBolometer tangential array (Bolometer array - divertor CHERS(Divertor fast cameraDust detectorEBW radiometersEdge deposition monitorEdge pressure gaugesEdge rotation spectroscopyOnly available by special request of T. Biewer @ MITFast lost ion probes IFLIP(Fast lost ion probes SFLIP(Filtered 1D camerasFilterscopes(FIReTIP(Gas puff imagingHigh-k scattering(Infrared cameras(Interferometer 1 mmLangmuir probes - PFC tilesLangmuir probes RF antennaMagnetics Diamagnetism( Magnetics Flux loops(Magnetics Locked modes(Magnetics Pickup coils(Magnetics Rogowski coils(Magnetics - RWM sensorsMirnov coils high frequency(Mirnov coils poloidal array(Mirnov coils toroidal array(MSE(Neutral particle analyzer(Neutron Rate (2 fission, 4 scint)(Neutron collimatorPlasma TVReciprocating probeReflectometer - FM/CWReflectometer - fixed frequency homodyne quadratureReflectometer - homodyne correlationReflectometer - HHFW/SOLRF antenna cameraRF antenna probe Solid State NPA(SPRED(Thomson scattering - 20 channel(Thomson scattering - 30 channel(Ultrasoft X-ray arrays(Ultrasoft X-ray arrays - 2 color(Visible bremsstrahlung det.(Visible spectrometers (VIPS)X-ray crystal spectrometer - HX-ray crystal spectrometer - VX-ray pinhole camera( _______________________________________________________________________ NSTX Experimental Proposal No. OP-XP-807  PAGE 11 of 10 Figure 1. Comparison of pitch angle range for XP-707 NPA vertically scanning measurement at Rtan = 80 cm (blue) with range at Rtan = 40 cm (green) proposed herein. TRANSP volume-averaged pitch angle distributions for NSTX Sources A, B & C @ 90 keV are provided courtesy of E. Ruskov, UC Irvine. Figure 2. Target plasma for NPA vertical scan of energetic ion redistribution due to MHD activity with f < 200 kHz. H-mode onset occurs at t ~ 0.2 s. Figure 3. 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