NSTX Measurement Diagnostics - July 2006

(black - routine operation, blue - under active development)

Physics Measurement

Typical range and coverage

Spatial; Temporal Resolution

Typical Precision

Available Diagnostic Techniques

Comment

Contact

Coil currents

follow pulse shape.

0.5%

Rogowski coil on buswork

For EFIT equilibrium reconstruction

J. Menard - PPPL

(jmenard@pppl.gov)

Plasma current, I_p,

0.1 ms

1.0%

2 Rogowski coils around plasma outside vacuum vessel

For EFIT reconstruction

J. Menard - PPPL

(jmenard@pppl.gov)

Plasma position

10 mm absolute

 1 ms

3 mm with RTEFIT

2D and 3D solenoids inside vv, flux loops inside and outside vv

For EFIT reconstruction

J. Menard - PPPL

(jmenard@pppl.gov)

Plasma kinetic energy

> 10 kJ

1 ms

1 kJ

diamagnetic loop

EFIT constraint, uses TF coil

M. Bell - PPPL

(mbell@pppl.gov)

Electron density line integrals

>2x10¹¹ cm^-2

500 kHz

2x10¹¹ cm^-2

tangential interferometry, polarimetry (FIReTIP)

FIR laser with retro-reflectors in 4 tangential chords (2 additional under dev)

K. C. Lee - UC Davis (kclee@pppl.gov)

500 kHz

1 mm radial interferometer

1 mm reflected from center stack

S. Kubota - UCLA

(skubota@pppl.gov)

Electron density profile 

5x10¹¹ - 5x10¹⁴ cm^-3

3.0 cm core,

0.9 cm edge, 2 30 Hz lasers

>3%

Thomson scattering

60 Hz Nd:YAG, laser nearly radial on horizontal midplane, 30 of 48 channels implemented

B. LeBlanc - PPPL

(bleblanc@pppl.gov)

2x10¹² - 3x10¹³ cm^-3

40 kHz

~ 1 cm

reflectometry FM/CW

13 - 50 GHz swept; 40 kHz sweep rate (cannot be used at same time as correlation system)

S. Kubota - UCLA

(skubota@pppl.gov)

.02-1.6x10¹³ cm^-3

1 kHz

reflectometry (SOL)

6 - 36 Ghz swept system, 1 kHz sweep rate

J. Wilgen - ORNL

(wilgenjb@ornl.gov)

fast scanning midplane probe

17 cm below midplane, t_insert<100 ms, t_dwell<5 ms, 5 tips

J. Boedo - UCSD

(boedo@fusion.gat.com)

Electron temperature profile

0.003 - 5 keV

3.0 cm core,

0.9 cm edge, 2 30 Hz lasers

>3%

Thomson Scattering

2 - 30 Hz Nd:YAG lasers nearly radial on horizontal midplane, 30 of 48 spatial channels implemented

LeBlanc - PPPL

(leblanc@pppl.gov)

fast scanning midplane probe

see above

J. Boedo - UCSD

(boedo@fusion.gat.com)

0.1-5 keV

4 cm, < 100 kHz

5% (rel)

tangential multi-color sxr arrays

3 color/ 16 spatial channels, CsI:Tl phosphor and PM arrays

L. Delgato - JHU

(delgapa@pha.jhu.edu)

imaging horizontal x-ray crystal spectrometer

requires Ar injection, spherical crystal with 2D multi-wire proportional counter

M. Bitter - PPPL

(mbitter@pppl.gov)

EBW radiometer

oblique X-mode (dual polarization)

20-40 GHz (have also used 16-18 GHz) aiming adjustable between runs

G. Taylor - PPPL

(gtaylor@pppl.gov)

J. Kaughman. J. Wilgen - ORNL

(wilgenjb@ornl.gov)

Ion temperature profile

0.02 - 5.0 keV

3.0 cm core,

0.5 cm edge, 10 ms

≥ 2%

toroidal CHERS

51 channels system using C VI with heating beam, dedicated background view

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

3.0 cm edge only, 10 ms

≥ 2%

edge Doppler spectroscopy

7 channels from tangential view and 6 channels from vertical view of outer midplane edge.  Uses intrinsic C III, C IV, and He II.

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

0.2 - 5/0 keV

2.5 cm, 5 ms

≥ 5%

scanning neutral particle analysis

horizontal and vertical scan, profile requires vertical scan, L-mode beam heated discharges only

S. Medley - PPPL

(smedley@pppl.gov)

5 cm, 20 ms

imaging horizontal x-ray crystal spectrometer

vertical profile 30 cm, requires Ar injection, spherical crystal with 2D multi-wire proportional counter

M. Bitter - PPPL

(mbitter@pppl.gov)

Plasma rotation profile

-100 km/s to +300 km/s

3.0 cm core,

0.5 cm edge, 10 ms

≥ 2%

toroidal CHERS

see above

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

~ 3.0 cm edge only, 10 ms

≥ 2%

edge Doppler spectroscopy

see above

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

3.0 cm core,

0.5 cm edge, 10 ms

poloidal CHERS

up and down views of heating beam and dedicated background views

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

~ 3.0 cm, 10 ms

edge Doppler spectroscopy

see above

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

imaging dual vertical x-ray crystal spectrometer

dual system to separate toroidal and poloidal components, requirese Ar injection, spherical crystals, 2D multi-wire proportional counters

M. Bitter - PPPL

(mbitter@pppl.gov)

B field pitch (for determination of q(R) using EFIT)

3 cm core, 2 cm edge, 10 ms (target 5 ms)

≥ 0.2⁰

motional Stark effect  based on collisionally-induced- fluorescence (MSE/CIF)

8 of 19 channels implemented, presently applies correction for toroidal rotation, requires heating beam source A.

F. Levinton, H. Yu - NOVA Photonics

(flevinton@pppl.gov)

target - 3 cm core, 2 cm edge, 10 ms

target ≥ 0.2⁰

motional Stark effect  based on laser-induced-fluorescence (MSE/LIF) using DNB

requires compact, radial DNB

F. Levinton, J. Foley - NOVA Photonics

(flevinton@pppl.gov)

Profile of the radial Electric field

3 cm core, 2 cm edge, 10 ms

MSE/CIF and MSE/LIF

see above; requires heating source A and DNB

F. Levinton, H. Yu, J. Foley - NOVA Photonics

(flevinton@pppl.gov)

3.0 cm core,

0.5 cm edge, 10 ms

toroidal and poloidal CHERS

see above; requires heating beam

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

3.0 cm, 10 ms

edge Doppler spectroscopy

may need helium

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

Radiation profile 

8 cm,  0.2 ms

toroidal bolometer array

tangential view, 19 AXUV diode array

S. Paul - PPPL

(spaul@pppl.gov)

8 cm, 5 ms

divertor bolometers

4 foil bolometers viewing divertor from outside

S. Paul - PPPL

(spaul@pppl.gov)

Z_eff

line integral

10% abs.

visible continuum sensor

single filterscope chord, R_TAN~60 cm, l=

C. Skinner - PPPL

(cskinner@pppl.gov)

3.0 cm core,

0.5 cm edge, 10 ms

≥ 5% in (Z_eff-1)

toroidal CHERS

see above, assumes C only impurity

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

Impurity concentrations

C⁺⁵ conc.

3.0 cm core,

1.0 cm edge, 10 ms

20% abs.

toroidal CHERS

see above

R. Bell - PPPL

(rbell@pppl.gov)

H/D ratio,detach. signature, line emission

Integral; 10 ms

5% (rel)

Visible (VIPS) survey spectrometer

several sightlines coupled via fiber to 0.5 M Czerny-Turner; 3500-11000Å, CCD detector

B. Stratton, C. Skinner - PPPL

(cskinner@pppl.gov)

O/C ratio, impurity influx

Integral; 15 ms

5% (rel)

VUV (SPRED) survey spectroscopy

100- -1100Å with 2 gratings, radial midplane view, microchannel plate with CCD readout

B. Stratton, C. Skinner - PPPL

(cskinner@pppl.gov)

Z≥6 ions (C, O, Cu, Ne, Ar, Kr)

5 cm; 5 ms for impurities

15% abs

filtered poloidal sxr arrays

1 vertical array (16 ch); 2 horizontal arrays (32 ch); discrete AXUV diode arrays

K. Tritz - JHU

(ktritz@pppl.gov)

r/a~ .08, 100 ms

15% abs

TGI spectrometer

12 chord transmission grating imaging spectrometer; 10Å - 300Å CMOS detector

D. Stutman - JHU

(dstutman@pppl.gov)

Low (m,n) MHD modes, sawteeth, locked modes,  and disruption precursors

DB/B = 10^-4 - 10^-1,

(0,0)<(m,n) < (5,10)

poloidal

DC - 250 kHz

toroidal

DC - 2 MHz

low frequency Mirnov coils outside plasma

12 toroidal, 24 poloidal

J. Menard - PPPL

(jmenard@pppl.gov)

5 cm; < 300kHz bw

filtered poloidal sxr arrays

1 vertical array (16 ch); 2 horizontal arrays (32 ch); discrete AXUV diode arrays

K. Tritz - JHU

(ktritz@pppl.gov)

fast tangential soft x-ray pinhole camera

uses various foils and apertures, phosphor and demagnifying image tube with PSIV camera (5x10⁵ frames/sec for 300 frames)

B. Stratton - PPPL

(bstratton@pppl.gov)

4 MHz

quadrature reflectometer

30, 42, 49 GHz

S. Kubota - UCLA

(skubota@pppl.gov)

500 kHz

Neutron scintillator array

plastic scintillators with PM tubes 1- ZnS; 3 BC400

L. Roquemore - PPPL

(lroquemore@pppl.gov)

dynamo probe on fast scanning midplane probe

J. Boedo - UCSD

(boedo@fusion.gat.com)

High frequency instabilities (MHD, fast ion modes)

DB/B ≤ 10^-2,

Dn/n ≤ 10^-2,

n = 10 - 50,

Df≤ 10^-2

5 MHz

Mirnov coils outside plasma

B_T  and B_P

E. Fredrickson - PPPL

(efredricksonpppl.gov)

5 cm; < 300kHz bw

filtered poloidal sxr arrays

1 vertical array (16 ch); 2 horizontal arrays (32 ch); discrete AXUV diode arrays

K. Tritz - JHU

(ktritz@pppl.gov)

1.1, 2.2, 3x10¹³cm^-3

4 MHz

quadrature reflectometer

30, 42, 49 GHz

S. Kubota - UCLA

(skubota@pppl.gov)

>2x10¹¹ cm^-2

500 kHz

2x10¹¹ cm^-2

tangential interferometry, polarimetry (FIReTIP)

FIR laser with retroreflectors in 4 tangential chords (2 additional)

K. C. Lee - UC Davis

(kclee@pppl.gov)

>2x10¹¹ cm^-2

500 kHz

2x10¹¹ cm^-2

1 mm radial interferometer

1 mm reflected from center stack

S. Kubota - UCLA

(skubota@pppl.gov)

Core turbulence

10 ms sweep time

correlation reflectometry

26-40 Ghz ( for peaked density profiles and low density discharges)

S. Kubota - UCLA

(skubota@pppl.gov)

-20 cm^-1<k_r<20 cm^-1, DR ~ 5 cm

Dn/n >0.1%

high-k scattering

tangential microwave scattering at l= 1 mm, 5 detector channels viewing r/a ~ 0.3-0.8

E. Mazzucat0, H. Park, D. Smith - PPPL

(hpark@pppl.gov)

> 2 cm dependent on final geometry

Dn/n >1%

usx telescope BES

multilayer mirror telescope viewing core lithium beam emission.  Needs lithium

D. Stutman - JHU

(dstutman@pppl.gov)

Edge turbulence

fast scanning midplane probe

J. Boedo - UCSD

(boeddo@fusion.gat.com)

~ 1 cm for r/a> 0.8, <500 kHz

gas puff imaging

Supported by gas puff manifold.  Various fast cameras used

S. Zweben - PPPL,

R. Maqueda - NOVA Photonics

(szweben@pppl.gov)

dynamo probe tip on fast scanning probe

J. Boedo - UCSD

(boedo@fusion.gat.com)

Edge recyling and impurity influx

2 kHz

filterscopes

 5 upper divertor, 5 lower divertor, 12 midplane CS.  filters include H_a,b,g , CII, CIII, LiI, BII,

V. Soukhanovskii - LLNL, R. Maingi - ORNL, C. Skinner - PPPL

(rmaingi@pppl.gov)

0.2 ms/frame

1D CCD cameras

2 lower divertor, 1 midplane CS, 1 radial horizontal view of lower divertor

V. Soukhanovskii - LLNL

(vlad@llnll.gov)

1.5 cm sightline separation

high resolution divertor fiber view

32 channels viewing inner and outer divertor from top, channel separation at divertor 1 - 3 cm. Used with filterscopes and visible spectrometers

V. Soukhanovskii - LLNL

(vlad@llnll.gov)

Dust monitoring

electrostatic grid detector

C. Skinner - PPPL

(cskinner@pppl.gov)

First wall deposition

quartz microbalances

 three locations

C. Skinner - PPPL

(cskinner@pppl.gov)

Spectroscopic n_e , T_e in divertor

1.5 cm sightline separation

visible filterscopes viewing lower divertor

see above

V. Soukhanovskii - LLNL

(vlad@llnl.gov)

n_e , T_e at target

3 - 50 eV

Langmuir probes

flush-mount probes embedded in carbon tiles (3 inner div, 4 outer div.- upper and lower, 8 on CS)

C. Bush - ORNL

(cbush@pppl.gov)

Neutron  source profile

neutron collimator

multiple sight lines through plasma core region

L.  Roquemore - PPPL

(lroquemore@pppl.gov)

Neutron flux monitors

1 ms

5% rel.

25% abs.

fission chambers

2 U²³⁵ detectors with x26 sensitivity ratio

L. Roquemore - PPPL

(lroquemore@pppl.gov)

0.2 ms

<5% rel.

scintillator detectors

plastic scintillators with PM tubes 1- ZnS; 3 BC400

L. Roquemore - PPPL

(lroquemore@pppl.gov)

RF driven surface waves

high-frequency Langmuir probe

located between antenna segments,

R. Wilson - PPPL,

J. Wilgen - ORNL

(wilgenjb@ornl.gov)

Mode conversion efficiency of EBW emission

EBW radiometer

see above

G. Taylor - PPPL

(gtaylor@pppl.gov)

Gas pressure at several locations

10%

Penning gauges

Between pulses

R. Raman - U. Washington

(raman@aa.washington.edu)

Gas composition in vacuum ducts

typ A = 1-100, ∆A=1, between pulses

1 minute mass sweep

10^-11 torr typical sens.

Residual gas analyzer

In Bay L pumping duct, differentially pumped system

W. Blanchard - PPPL

(wblanchard@pppl.gov)

Runaway electrons

10 ms

30%

hard X-ray detector

at start-up and thermal quench

L. Roquemore, K. Hill - PPPL

(lroquemore@pppl.gov)

First wall filtered visible images

Kodak

182x239

8 bit

1 kHz

cameras share various views:

• top view of lower divertor

• tangential view of lower divertor

• fish eye radial view of entire plasma

• 3 tangential midplane views including  one view near pellet port

• view of gas puff manifold along B field

C. Bush  - ORNL

(cbush@pppl.gov)

Kodak

8 bit

1 kHz

L. Roquemore - PPPL

(lroquemore@pppl.gov)

PSI V

64x64

12 bit

300 frames at 250 kHz

S. Zweben - PPPL

(szweben@pppl.gov)

Photron (intensified)

>64x64

8 bit

<40 kHz

K. Shinohara - JAERI

(shinohak@fusion.naka.jaeri.go.jp)

Photron

>64x64

8 bit

<40 kHz

N. Nishino - U. Hiroshima

(nishino@hiroshima-u.ac.jp)

Phantom

>64x64

12 bit

120 kHz continuous

R. Maqueda - NOVA Photonics

(rmaqueda@pppl.gov)

Canadian Photonics

<40kHz

R. Kaita - PPPL

(kaita@pppl.gov)

DICAM

1024x1080

2 frames at > 3nsec sep

L. Dorf, G. Wurden - LANL

(wurden@lanl.gov)

First wall temperature

20-1200⁰C

30 Hz, 15⁰ FOV

5⁰C abs

<1⁰C rel

IR Cameras

2 FLIR Omega and 1 FLIR Alpha compact mbolometer cameras with views of lower divertor, CS, and beam armor

R. Maingi - ORNL

(rmaingi@pppl.gov)

Vacuum Vessel Illumination

3 in-vessel tungsten filaments, ~ 25x5 mm  helical

Provide lighting of the first-wall surfaces, Bays G and K near midplane, Bay K/L above midplane

H. Kugel - PPPL

(hkugel@pppl.gov)

Fast Lost Ions

FLIP

radial array of Faraday cups

D. Darrow - PPPL

(ddarrow@pppl.gov)

13-40 kHz with intensified Photron camera

SFLIP

scintillator probe with energy and pitch angle resolution

D. Darrow - PPPL, (ddarrow@pppl.gov)   K. Shinohara - JAERI

( )

Fast ion distribution

1-100 keV

2 msec

rel  5%

abs. x2

scanning NPA

horizontal and vertical spatial distribution

S. Medley - PPPL

(smedley@pppl.gov)

35 - 100 keV

1 msec counting window

solid state NPA

4 chords R_TAN= 60, 90, 100, 120 cm, Si- diodes with 0.15m Al foils and apertures, pulse height analysis

D. Liu, W. Heidbrink - UC Irvine

(deyongl@uci.edu)